Sodium Methoxide Physical and Chemical Properties
Sodium methoxide is a colorless powder with an odorless and hygroscopic nature. It has a specific gravity of 0.97-1.1 and a refractive index of 1.382-1.394.
Sodium methoxide is a highly flammable substance that is hazardous when not handled with care. Chemically, it is a compound NAOCH3 with a chemical formula of CH3NaO and CAS reference number of 124-41-4.
It also has a PubChem reference number, ChemSpider reference number, and UNII number as well as EC number, HS code and others. The boiling point of sodium methoxide is 65 degrees Celsius, and it has a melting point of 127 degrees Celsius.
It has a heat capacity of 120 J/C, and a freezing point of -98 degrees Celsius. The molecular weight of sodium methoxide is 54.02 g/mol, and its flash point is between 11.1-27.8 degrees Celsius.
It has an auto-ignition temperature of 77 degrees Celsius. The density of sodium methoxide is 0.914 g/cm3, and it has an explosion limit of 17-19% by volume.
Sodium methoxide decomposes at a temperature of 126 degrees Celsius. It is soluble in polar solvents such as water, ethanol, methanol, and other alcohols but insoluble in nonpolar solvents.
Preparation and Reactivity of Sodium Methoxide
The preparation of Sodium methoxide involves the reaction between sodium and methanol, which is highly exothermic and can lead to ignition without proper control. The process starts with sodium being cut into small pieces and then added slowly to methanol in a flask.
The mixture is stirred until the sodium has completely dissolved. The solution is then evaporated to recover any unreacted methanol.
The hydrolytic reaction of sodium methoxide is a common method of preparation. This is accomplished by adding an alkali metal such as sodium to water.
The reaction forms hydrogen and the corresponding metal hydroxide, which in this case is sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The sodium hydroxide formed will then react with methanol, leading to the formation of sodium methoxide.
Sodium Methoxide is a stable compound in air and moisture-free environments. However, when in contact with water, steam, or moisture, it can quickly explode or ignite, leading to serious safety risks.
Sodium methoxide is a very powerful reducing agent that can cause corrosion and inflammation on contact with skin. It reacts with light metals such as aluminum, magnesium, zinc, and tin to form hydrogen gas, which can lead to explosions.
Final Thoughts
Sodium methoxide is a highly reactive and dangerous compound that requires careful handling and storage. The properties and reactivity of sodium methoxide make it an effective reagent in many applications like biodiesel production, drug synthesis, food additives and etc.
It is important to always wear proper personal protective equipment (PPE) when handling sodium methoxide and follow safety protocols.
Uses of Sodium Methoxide
Sodium methoxide has several uses across various industries, including organic chemistry, pharmaceuticals, and biodiesel production.
Uses in Organic Chemistry
Sodium methoxide is a widely used reagent in organic chemistry due to its strong basic properties, making it a suitable catalyst in many reactions. It is commonly used to carry out aldol condensations, dehydrohalogenations, and as a nucleophile in some reactions.
The compound can also be used to prepare methyl ethers, which are valuable intermediates in organic synthesis.
Uses in Pharmaceutical Industry
Sodium methoxide is a critical raw material in the pharmaceutical industry. It is used in the production of various drugs like Vitamin A1, Vitamin B1, Trimethoprim, Sulfadiazine, Sulfadoxine, and Sulfamethoxypyridazine.
The compound is used as a reagent in the synthesis of these drugs, where it acts as a base catalyst in the reactions.
Uses in Biodiesel Industry
Sodium methoxide acts as a catalyst in the transesterification process, which is vital in the production of biodiesel. In this process, sodium methoxide reacts with triglycerides and methanol to produce fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) and glycerol.
The FAMEs produced can then be used as fuel, and the glycerol can be further processed into other valuable products. Other
Uses of Sodium Methoxide
Sodium methoxide is also used as an edible catalyst in the production of edible oils and fats.
The compound is also used as an analytical reagent for determining the presence of certain compounds in various samples. Sodium methoxide finds use in anionic addition polymerization and Wittig reactions in the production of polymers.
Safety and
Handling of Sodium Methoxide
Sodium methoxide is a highly reactive and dangerous compound that requires careful handling and storage. It is important to follow safety protocols when working with this compound.
Health Hazards
Sodium methoxide is highly corrosive, and exposure can lead to severe burns and tissue damage. Skin exposure can cause skin irritation, and inhalation can lead to respiratory problems.
Ingestion of sodium methoxide can cause internal damages, which can be fatal.
First Aid Measures
In case of exposure to sodium methoxide, immediate first aid measures should be taken. For eye exposure, the affected person should rinse the affected eye(s) with plenty of water for at least fifteen minutes.
For skin exposure, the affected area should be rinsed with water and then covered with a sterile bandage. In case of ingestion or inhalation, the affected person should seek immediate medical attention.
Fire Hazards
Sodium methoxide is a combustible substance that can ignite easily when in contact with an ignition source. In case of fire, the fumes emitted are toxic and corrosive.
Sodium methoxide is also an oxidizing agent, which means it can increase the combustion intensity of other substances.
Accidental Release Measures
In case of spillage or leakage of sodium methoxide, it’s important to handle the situation with care. Personal protective equipment should be used, the area should be cleared of unnecessary personnel, and sodium methoxide should be absorbed using inert absorption materials.
The absorbed material should be placed in a properly labeled container and disposed of following local regulations for toxic waste disposal.
Handling of Sodium Methoxide
Sodium Methoxide should only be handled by trained professionals in a well-ventilated area. Proper storage conditions are necessary, and it should be kept away from moisture and water.
It is best to handle it in an inert atmosphere, and protective gear like gloves, goggles, and facial shields should always be worn during handling or administration. Sodium methoxide should be transported in nonreactive and properly labeled containers.
Final Thoughts
Sodium methoxide is a highly reactive compound with various applications across different industries. Still, safety precautions must be strictly followed when handling and storing it due to its hazardous nature.
It is of utmost importance to seek medical attention in case of exposure, accidental ingestion, or inhalation of sodium methoxide. With the proper safety measures in place, the compound can be harnessed for various applications safely and effectively.
Sodium Methoxide Price
Sodium methoxide is a widely used reagent in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, biodiesel, and organic chemistry. The price of sodium methoxide can vary depending on the supplier or brand.
Availability and Purchase
Sodium methoxide can be purchased from chemical stores or online stores that specialize in industrial chemicals. The compound is sold in solid crystal form, and it’s available in minimum quantities of one kilogram.
It’s important to ensure that the product purchased meets the required specifications for the intended application.
The prices for sodium methoxide vary depending on the supplier, brand, and purity of the compound.
The minimum price per kilogram of sodium methoxide is around $60, while the maximum price can reach more than $400 per kilogram. The price variation is influenced by factors such as the quality of the product, the availability of the raw materials, and the demand for the compound.
Transportation and Classification
Due to its hazardous nature, sodium methoxide is classified as Hazard Class 4.2, which includes substances that are spontaneously combustible and hazardous when exposed to water. It’s designated as UN Number 1420, and it’s assigned to the third packing group.
The danger code for sodium methoxide with a purity of 25% or more is 345, signifying that it’s highly flammable when in contact with water or steam. Dangerous goods code for sodium methoxide is 46-3065-2-13, and it’s classified as a Class 3 hazardous material.
Sodium methoxide is classified as a Class 3 substance when transported by air, which requires extra caution and attention to the storage, handling, and transportation process. It’s also important to consult with the relevant regulatory authorities to ensure that the necessary permits and documents are obtained before transporting sodium methoxide.
Final Thoughts
Sodium methoxide is a critical raw material used in various industries such as pharmaceuticals, biodiesel, and organic chemistry. The price of sodium methoxide varies depending on various factors such as supplier, brand, and purity of the compound.
It’s important to follow safety protocols when handling, storing, and transporting sodium methoxide due to its hazardous nature. Therefore, it’s essential to ensure that the necessary permits and documents are obtained before transporting the compound.
With proper handling and transport considerations, sodium methoxide can be used safely and effectively for various industrial applications. In conclusion, sodium methoxide is a compound with a range of physical and chemical properties, making it a versatile reagent in various industries.
It is used in organic chemistry for synthesis and reactions, in the pharmaceutical industry for drug production, and in the biodiesel industry as a catalyst. However, it requires careful handling and storage due to its reactivity and hazardous nature.
The price of sodium methoxide can vary depending on factors such as supplier, brand, and purity. It is crucial to follow safety protocols when working with sodium methoxide and to ensure proper transportation and storage.
Overall, sodium methoxide plays a crucial role in industrial processes, emphasizing the importance of understanding its properties and taking necessary precautions to ensure safety. FAQs:
1.
Where can I purchase sodium methoxide? – Sodium methoxide can be purchased from chemical stores or online stores that specialize in industrial chemicals.
2. What is the price range of sodium methoxide?
– The price of sodium methoxide varies depending on factors such as supplier, brand, and purity. The minimum price per kilogram is around $60, while the maximum price can exceed $400.
3. How should sodium methoxide be transported?
– Sodium methoxide is classified as a hazardous material and must be transported following the necessary regulations. Consult with the relevant regulatory authorities and obtain the required permits and documents before transporting sodium methoxide.
4. What are the key uses of sodium methoxide?
– Sodium methoxide is used as a reagent and catalyst in organic chemistry, a raw material in the pharmaceutical industry for drug synthesis, and as a catalyst in the production of biodiesel. 5.
Why is the safety and handling of sodium methoxide important? – Sodium methoxide is a highly reactive and hazardous compound that can cause severe burns, tissue damage, and respiratory problems.
Following safety protocols and handling sodium methoxide with care is crucial to prevent accidents and ensure the well-being of individuals working with the compound. Final Thought: Understanding the properties, uses, and safety measures of sodium methoxide is vital in various industries.
By adhering to safety protocols and taking necessary precautions, sodium methoxide can be effectively utilized while ensuring the protection of individuals and the environment.